All indicators in the section for lower-middle-income countries — the latest available values with the year shown. Click an indicator to see the trend over time and the world rank.
| Indicator | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of immigrants people | 42.16M | 2024 | UN DESA |
| Share of immigrants in the population % | 1.29 | 2024 | UN DESA |
| Refugees by country of asylum people | 9.72M | 2024 | UNHCR |
| Refugees by country of origin people | 8.04M | 2024 | UNHCR |
| Refugees per 100,000 people per 100k | 301.6 | 2024 | UNHCR |
| Asylum seekers per 100,000 people per 100k | 43.3 | 2024 | UNHCR |
| Indicator | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unemployment rate % | 4.34 | 2025 | ILO |
| Youth unemployment % | 12.83 | 2025 | ILO |
| Female unemployment % | 5.03 | 2025 | ILO |
| Labor force people | 1.34B | 2025 | ILO |
| Labor force participation rate % | 58.73 | 2025 | ILO |
| Female labor force participation rate % | 40.51 | 2025 | ILO |
| Employment-to-population ratio % | 56.17 | 2025 | ILO |
| Employment in agriculture % | 37.8 | 2025 | ILO |
| Employment in industry % | 23.2 | 2025 | ILO |
| Employment in services % | 39 | 2025 | ILO |
| Self-employed % | 67.4 | 2025 | ILO |
| Women in parliament % | 22.8 | 2025 | World Bank |
| Vulnerable employment % | 62.75 | 2025 | ILO |
| Female share of the labor force % | 33.81 | 2025 | ILO |
| Male unemployment % | 4.07 | 2025 | ILO |
| Women in ministerial positions % | 18.3 | 2025 | World Bank |
| Indicator | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Health expenditure (% of GDP) % | 4.01 | 2023 | WHO |
| Health expenditure per capita US$ | 99 | 2023 | WHO |
| Physicians per 1,000 people per 1,000 | 0.83 | 2019 | WHO |
| Hospital beds per 1,000 people per 1,000 | 1.5 | 2019 | WHO |
| DPT immunization coverage % | 88.8 | 2024 | WHO |
| Government health expenditure (% of GDP) % | 1.54 | 2023 | WHO |
| Health share of government spending % | 8.3 | 2023 | WHO |
| Government health expenditure per capita US$ | 38 | 2023 | WHO |
| Out-of-pocket health expenditure % | 36.61 | 2023 | WHO |
| Physicians, total people | 1.8M | 2022 | WHO |
| Nurses and midwives, total people | 4.6M | 2018 | WHO |
| Nurses and midwives per 1,000 people per 1,000 | 1.71 | 2018 | WHO |
| Dentists per 10,000 people per 10k | 1.05 | 2019 | WHO |
| Number of pharmacists people | 1.41M | 2018 | WHO |
| Universal health coverage index index | 63.8 | 2023 | WHO |
| Measles immunization % | 89.6 | 2024 | WHO |
| Indicator | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tuberculosis incidence per 100k | 201 | 2024 | WHO |
| HIV prevalence % | 0.64 | 2024 | WHO |
| People living with HIV people | 14.5M | 2024 | WHO |
| New HIV infections per 1,000 | 0.4 | 2024 | WHO |
| HIV-related deaths people | 255,180 | 2024 | WHO |
| Tuberculosis cases people | 6.52M | 2024 | WHO |
| Tuberculosis deaths people | 670,680 | 2024 | WHO |
| Malaria deaths people | 318,106 | 2024 | WHO |
| Malaria death rate per 100k | 10.87 | 2021 | WHO |
| Probability of dying from noncommunicable diseases % | 22.6 | 2021 | WHO |
| Indicator | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Infant mortality rate per 1,000 | 28.5 | 2024 | WHO |
| Under-five mortality rate per 1,000 | 36.3 | 2024 | WHO |
| Maternal mortality ratio per 100k | 168 | 2023 | WHO |
| Suicide mortality rate per 100k | 8.7 | 2021 | WHO |
| Road traffic death rate per 100k | 17.4 | 2019 | WHO |
| Road traffic deaths people | 483,410 | 2021 | WHO |
| Air pollution death rate per 100k | 144 | 2019 | WHO |
| Death rate from unsafe water and sanitation per 100k | 31.4 | 2019 | WHO |
| Poisoning death rate per 100k | 0.44 | 2021 | WHO |
| Healthy life expectancy years | 58.8 | 2021 | WHO |
| Adult mortality rate, male per 1,000 | 202.3 | 2024 | UN DESA |
| Adult mortality rate, female per 1,000 | 141.8 | 2024 | UN DESA |
| Indicator | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tobacco use prevalence % | 19.8 | 2024 | WHO |
| Access to clean water % | 91.6 | 2024 | WHO |
| Access to basic sanitation % | 76.2 | 2024 | WHO |
| Prevalence of undernourishment % | 12.4 | 2023 | FAO |
| Obesity in adults % | 13.1 | 2024 | WHO |
| Overweight in adults % | 38.3 | 2024 | WHO |
| Underweight in adults % | 10.1 | 2024 | WHO |
| Alcohol consumption L | 3.52 | 2020 | WHO |
| Food insecurity % | 44 | 2023 | FAO |
| Safely managed drinking water % | 64.1 | 2024 | WHO |
| Safely managed sanitation % | 54.1 | 2024 | WHO |
| Handwashing facilities % | 76.9 | 2024 | WHO |
| Indicator | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Government debt % | 64.8 | 2031 | IMF |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) % | 13.02 | 2021 | World Bank |
| Government revenue % | 16.9 | 2021 | World Bank |
| Government expense % | 19 | 2021 | World Bank |
| Budget balance % | -4.71 | 2031 | IMF |
| External debt US$ | 2.61T | 2024 | World Bank |
| Indicator | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Current account balance % | -1.75 | 2031 | IMF |
| Current account balance (World Bank) % | -0.77 | 2024 | World Bank |
| Broad money (% of GDP) % | 52.13 | 2023 | IMF |
| Credit to the private sector % | 39.16 | 2024 | IMF |
| International reserves US$ | 1.28T | 2024 | IMF |
| Reserves in months of imports months | 5.58 | 2024 | IMF |
| Current account balance in US dollars bn US$ | -237.58 | 2031 | IMF |
| Remittances received US$ | 416B | 2024 | World Bank |
| Remittances paid US$ | 22.96B | 2024 | World Bank |
| Development aid received US$ | 98.05B | 2023 | World Bank |
| Development aid given US$ | 74.77B | 2023 | World Bank |
| Bank branches per 100k | 11.99 | 2024 | World Bank |
| Indicator | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Foreign direct investment inflows US$ | 153B | 2024 | UNCTAD |
| Foreign direct investment outflows US$ | 33.35B | 2024 | UNCTAD |
| FDI inflows (% of GDP) % | 1.8 | 2024 | UNCTAD |
| New business density per 1,000 | 0.57 | 2022 | World Bank |
| New businesses registered companies | 927,740 | 2022 | World Bank |
| Indicator | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exports of goods and services US$ | 2.24T | 2025 | UNCTAD |
| Imports of goods and services US$ | 2.62T | 2025 | UNCTAD |
| Exports (% of GDP) % | 27.42 | 2025 | World Bank |
| Imports (% of GDP) % | 32.16 | 2025 | World Bank |
| Trade openness % | 59.58 | 2025 | World Bank |
| Merchandise exports US$ | 1.8T | 2025 | UNCTAD |
| Merchandise imports US$ | 2.35T | 2025 | UNCTAD |
| Trade balance US$ | -386B | 2025 | World Bank |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) % | 46.17 | 2025 | World Bank |
| Service exports US$ | 639B | 2024 | World Bank |
| Service imports US$ | 479B | 2024 | World Bank |
| High-technology exports US$ | 220B | 2023 | World Bank |
| Fuel exports (% of merchandise exports) % | 16.87 | 2023 | UNCTAD |
| Ores and metals exports (% of merchandise exports) % | 5.02 | 2023 | UNCTAD |
| Food exports (% of merchandise exports) % | 14.13 | 2023 | UNCTAD |
| Agricultural raw materials exports (% of merchandise exports) % | 1.79 | 2023 | UNCTAD |
| Fuel imports (% of merchandise imports) % | 22.52 | 2023 | UNCTAD |
| Food imports (% of merchandise imports) % | 10.21 | 2023 | UNCTAD |
| Indicator | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cereal production t | 840M | 2023 | FAO |
| Cereal yield kg/ha | 3,444 | 2023 | FAO |
| Food production index index | 120.4 | 2022 | FAO |
| Livestock production index index | 124.2 | 2022 | FAO |
| Agricultural land share % | 44.89 | 2023 | FAO |
| Arable land share % | 18.63 | 2023 | FAO |
| Arable land per capita ha/person | 0.1258 | 2023 | FAO |
| Fertilizer use kg/ha | 128.5 | 2023 | FAO |
| Agricultural land km² | 9.72M | 2023 | FAO |
| Arable land ha | 403M | 2023 | FAO |
| Land under cereal production ha | 244M | 2023 | FAO |
| Crop production index index | 116.9 | 2022 | FAO |
| Indicator | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Forest cover % | 26.63 | 2023 | FAO |
| Forest area km² | 5.76M | 2023 | FAO |
| Protected areas % | 13 | 2023 | World Bank |
| Freshwater withdrawal as a share of resources % | 19.22 | 2022 | FAO |
| PM2.5 air pollution µg/m³ | 47.3 | 2023 | WHO |
| Land area km² | 21.64M | 2023 | FAO |
| Surface area km² | 22.41M | 2023 | FAO |
| Renewable water resources km³ | 7,347 | 2022 | FAO |
| Water resources per capita m³/person | 2,322 | 2022 | FAO |
| Freshwater withdrawal km³ | 1,401 | 2022 | FAO |
| Population in cities over 1 million people | 574M | 2025 | UN DESA |
| Share of population in cities over 1 million % | 17.95 | 2025 | UN DESA |
| Population living in slums % | 41.9 | 2022 | World Bank |
| Population below five meters above sea level % | 4 | 2015 | World Bank |
| Indicator | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| CO2 emissions Mt | 6,072.36 | 2024 | OWID |
| CO2 emissions per capita t/person | 1.87 | 2024 | OWID |
| Cumulative CO2 emissions Mt | 171,074.03 | 2024 | OWID |
| Consumption-based CO2 emissions Mt | 5,192.29 | 2023 | OWID |
| Greenhouse gas emissions Mt CO₂e | 10,168.91 | 2024 | OWID |
| Methane emissions Mt | 2,489.63 | 2024 | OWID |
| Nitrous oxide emissions Mt | 802.16 | 2024 | OWID |
| Greenhouse gases excluding land use Mt | 7,329.26 | 2024 | OWID |
| Greenhouse gases per capita t/person | 3.14 | 2024 | OWID |
| CO2 emissions from coal Mt | 1,994.39 | 2017 | OWID |
| CO2 emissions from oil Mt | 1,728.46 | 2024 | OWID |
| CO2 emissions from land use Mt | 1,158.48 | 2024 | OWID |
| Share of global CO2 emissions % | 15.734 | 2024 | OWID |
| Share of cumulative CO2 emissions % | 9.252 | 2024 | OWID |
| Contribution to temperature change °C | 0.149 | 2024 | OWID |
| Carbon intensity of the economy kg/$ | 0.246 | 2022 | OWID |
| Power sector CO2 emissions Mt | 2,443.83 | 2024 | Ember |
| Indicator | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Primary energy consumption quad Btu | 81.187 | 2024 | EIA |
| Energy consumption per capita MMBtu | 25 | 2024 | EIA |
| Primary energy production quad Btu | 68.662 | 2024 | EIA |
| Coal production Mtoe | 563.78 | 2024 | EIA |
| Natural gas production bn m³ | 573.35 | 2024 | EIA |
| Oil production kb/d | 8,773.3 | 2025 | EIA |
| Indicator | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cobalt production t | 8,865 | 2024 | USGS |
| Graphite production t | 120,879 | 2024 | USGS |
| Indicator | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Air passengers carried people | 395M | 2023 | World Bank |
| Aircraft departures departures | 3.07M | 2023 | World Bank |
| Air freight traffic M t-km | 5,824.1 | 2023 | World Bank |
| Container port traffic TEU | 86.5M | 2019 | UNCTAD |
| Logistics performance index score | 2.9 | 2018 | World Bank |
| Indicator | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Internet users % | 61.59 | 2024 | ITU |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions per 100 | 93.7 | 2024 | ITU |
| Fixed broadband internet per 100 | 5.14 | 2024 | ITU |
| Fixed telephone lines per 100 | 3.47 | 2024 | ITU |
| Secure internet servers per 1M | 1,149 | 2024 | World Bank |
| ICT service exports % | 33.68 | 2024 | UNCTAD |
| ICT service exports, US$ US$ | 207B | 2024 | World Bank |
| Number of mobile subscriptions subs | 2.96B | 2024 | ITU |
| Number of fixed broadband subscriptions subs | 163M | 2024 | ITU |
| Indicator | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Education expenditure (% of GDP) % | 2.85 | 2023 | UIS |
| Primary school enrollment % | 86.4 | 2017 | UIS |
| Secondary school enrollment % | 72.7 | 2023 | UIS |
| Tertiary education enrollment % | 30.4 | 2023 | UIS |
| Scientific and technical journal articles articles | 420,592 | 2023 | UIS |
| Primary completion rate % | 88.11 | 2023 | UIS |
| Harmonized test scores score | 383 | 2020 | World Bank |
| Children out of school people | 14.69M | 2024 | UIS |
| Share of children out of school % | 5.37 | 2024 | UIS |
| Education expenditure in the budget % | 16.56 | 2024 | UIS |
| Indicator | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intentional homicides per 100k | 4.51 | 2010 | World Bank |
| Number of intentional homicides people | 102,411 | 2010 | UNODC |
| Prison population per 100,000 per 100k | 46.9 | 2002 | UNODC |
| Indicator | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) % | 2.71 | 2024 | SIPRI |
| Military expenditure in dollars US$ | 210B | 2024 | SIPRI |
| Military expenditure share of the budget % | 11.54 | 2024 | SIPRI |
| Armed forces personnel people | 9.31M | 2020 | SIPRI |
| Arms imports M TIV | 10,810,000,000 | 2023 | SIPRI |
| Armed forces personnel since 1816 people | 6.55M | 2022 | SIPRI |
| Armed forces as a share of the population % | 0.207 | 2022 | SIPRI |
| Armed forces as a share of the labor force % | 0.78 | 2020 | SIPRI |
| Indicator | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Human development index index | 0.664 | 2023 | UNDP |
| Gender development index ratio | 0.896 | 2023 | UNDP |
| Gender inequality index index | 0.45 | 2023 | UNDP |
| Corruption perceptions index score | 34 | 2024 | Transparency Intl |
| Human capital index index | 0.47 | 2020 | World Bank |
| Indicator | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| International tourist arrivals people | 168M | 2019 | UN Tourism |
| Inbound tourism receipts US$ | 41.8B | 2020 | UN Tourism |
| Outbound tourism expenditure US$ | 54.68B | 2020 | UN Tourism |
| Tourism share of exports % | 3.19 | 2020 | UN Tourism |
Values are given for the most recent year for which the source publishes data on this territory, so the years differ from indicator to indicator. Units of measurement are shown next to the indicator name.