Government debt — all countries

Government debt — Lower-middle-income countries

Government debt in lower-middle-income countries in 2031 — 64.8%. Since 1998, the indicator has risen by 16.6 pp.

2031 64.8% −1.3 pp vs 2030
World rank
Period maximum 69.8%2024
Period minimum 43.3%2008

Trend over time

1998–2031 · % of GDP

Government debt — Lower-middle-income countries, 1998–2031405060701998200220062010201420182022202620301998: 48.2%1999: 54.3%2000: 54%2001: 57.6%2002: 64.3%2003: 63%2004: 59.8%2005: 54.8%2006: 48.7%2007: 46.3%2008: 43.3%2009: 46.6%2010: 45%2011: 44.6%2012: 45.7%2013: 46.2%2014: 47.6%2015: 52.5%2016: 56.1%2017: 57.3%2018: 57.9%2019: 60.7%2020: 69.7%2021: 68.2%2022: 67.7%2023: 69.5%2024: 69.8%2025: 68.9%2026: 68.4%2027: 68.2%2028: 67.8%2029: 67%2030: 66.1%2031: 64.8%
Change over the period: +16.6 pp Annual average: 0.5 pp

Comparison, 2031

How the value compares with the world and the groups this territory belongs to: Lower-middle-income countries

Lower-middle-income countries 64.8%
World computed 102.5%
Government debt — Lower-middle-income countries, by year Lower-middle-income countries All countries CSV XLSX
Year % Change, pp
2031 64.8 −1.3 pp
2030 66.1 −0.9 pp
2029 67 −0.8 pp
2028 67.8 −0.4 pp
2027 68.2 −0.2 pp
2026 68.4 −0.5 pp
2025 68.9 −0.9 pp
2024 69.8 +0.3 pp
2023 69.5 +1.8 pp
2022 67.7 −0.5 pp
2021 68.2 −1.5 pp
2020 69.7 +9 pp
2019 60.7 +2.8 pp
2018 57.9 +0.6 pp
2017 57.3 +1.2 pp
2016 56.1 +3.6 pp
2015 52.5 +5 pp
2014 47.6 +1.3 pp
2013 46.2 +0.5 pp
2012 45.7 +1.1 pp
2011 44.6 −0.3 pp
2010 45 −1.6 pp
2009 46.6 +3.3 pp
2008 43.3 −3 pp
2007 46.3 −2.4 pp
2006 48.7 −6.1 pp
2005 54.8 −5 pp
2004 59.8 −3.2 pp
2003 63 −1.3 pp
2002 64.3 +6.7 pp
2001 57.6 +3.6 pp
2000 54 −0.3 pp
1999 54.3 +6.1 pp
1998 48.2

About the indicator

Gross general government debt as a percent of GDP from the IMF World Economic Outlook database: all liabilities that require future payments of interest and/or principal. It covers the central government, regional and local budgets and extrabudgetary funds where the data allow. The threshold of 60% of GDP is used in the EU Maastricht criteria as a benchmark of sustainability.

Important: The coverage of the government sector differs between countries; when levels are compared, it matters whether regional budgets are included.

Source: World Economic Outlook (IMF), license IMF open data.