The share of own-account and contributing family workers — with no contract, insurance or guarantees.
The ranking uses the latest available value for each country — the year is shown in the row. The table spans 2021 to 2025.
Top-20 · % of employment
The scale does not start at zero — the values lie in a narrow range, and starting from zero the bars would be indistinguishable. The axis ticks are labeled.
| # | Year | Subregion | World rank | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
Chad
|
90.22 | 2025 | 187 | |
| 2 |
Sierra Leone
|
86.04 | 2025 | 186 | |
| 3 |
Madagascar
|
84.42 | 2025 | 185 | |
| 4 |
Ethiopia
|
84.15 | 2025 | 184 | |
| 5 |
Niger
|
83.73 | 2025 | 183 | |
| 6 |
Mozambique
|
83.68 | 2025 | 182 | |
| 7 |
Burundi
|
83.66 | 2025 | 181 | |
| 8 |
Tanzania
|
83.65 | 2025 | 180 | |
| 9 |
Afghanistan
|
81.77 | 2025 | 179 | |
| 10 |
Democratic Republic of the Congo
|
81.51 | 2025 | 178 | |
| 11 |
Burkina Faso
|
80.56 | 2025 | 177 | |
| 12 |
South Sudan
|
80.26 | 2023 | 176 | |
| 13 |
Central African Republic
|
79.42 | 2025 | 175 | |
| 14 |
Guinea
|
79.17 | 2025 | 174 | |
| 15 |
Benin
|
78.53 | 2025 | 173 | |
| 16 |
Nepal
|
76.98 | 2025 | 172 | |
| 17 |
Liberia
|
76.85 | 2025 | 171 | |
| 18 |
Laos
|
76.38 | 2025 | 170 | |
| 19 |
Haiti
|
76.04 | 2025 | 169 | |
| 20 |
Republic of the Congo
|
75.89 | 2025 | 168 | |
| 21 |
Mali
|
75.76 | 2025 | 167 | |
| 22 |
Togo
|
75.03 | 2025 | 166 | |
| 23 |
Guinea-Bissau
|
74.94 | 2025 | 165 | |
| 24 |
Uganda
|
74.39 | 2025 | 164 | |
| 25 |
India
|
71.58 | 2025 | 163 | |
| 26 |
Papua New Guinea
|
71.16 | 2025 | 162 | |
| 27 |
Zambia
|
70.17 | 2025 | 161 | |
| 28 |
Côte d'Ivoire
|
69.43 | 2025 | 160 | |
| 29 |
Bhutan
|
69.03 | 2025 | 159 | |
| 30 |
Solomon Islands
|
68.65 | 2025 | 158 | |
| 31 |
Zimbabwe
|
68.21 | 2025 | 157 | |
| 32 |
Cameroon
|
67.56 | 2025 | 156 | |
| 33 |
Nigeria
|
66.48 | 2025 | 155 | |
| 34 |
Angola
|
66.27 | 2025 | 154 | |
| 35 |
Kenya
|
63.83 | 2025 | 153 | |
| 36 |
Gambia
|
63.51 | 2025 | 152 | |
| 37 |
Senegal
|
62.98 | 2025 | 151 | |
| 38 |
Myanmar
|
62.89 | 2025 | 150 | |
| 39 |
Bolivia
|
62.69 | 2025 | 149 | |
| 40 |
Ghana
|
59.96 | 2025 | 148 | |
| 41 |
Malawi
|
59.91 | 2025 | 147 | |
| 42 |
Timor-Leste
|
58.63 | 2025 | 146 | |
| 43 |
Moldova
|
58.62 | 2025 | 145 | |
| 44 |
Vanuatu
|
57.99 | 2025 | 144 | |
| 45 |
Bangladesh
|
57.35 | 2025 | 143 | |
| 46 |
Comoros
|
56.84 | 2025 | 142 | |
| 47 |
North Korea
|
56.77 | 2025 | 141 | |
| 48 |
Pakistan
|
55.51 | 2025 | 140 | |
| 49 |
Azerbaijan
|
53.84 | 2025 | 139 | |
| 50 |
Mauritania
|
53.35 | 2025 | 138 | |
| 51 |
Cambodia
|
52.32 | 2025 | 137 | |
| 52 |
Vietnam
|
51.4 | 2025 | 136 | |
| 53 |
Ecuador
|
50.12 | 2025 | 135 | |
| 54 |
Indonesia
|
49.96 | 2025 | 134 | |
| 55 |
Thailand
|
47.98 | 2025 | 133 | |
| 56 |
Eritrea
|
47.89 | 2025 | 132 | |
| 57 |
Peru
|
47.51 | 2025 | 131 | |
| 58 |
Albania
|
46.03 | 2025 | 130 | |
| 59 |
Somalia
|
45.97 | 2025 | 129 | |
| 60 |
Yemen
|
45.59 | 2025 | 128 | |
| 61 |
Colombia
|
42.96 | 2025 | 127 | |
| 62 |
Georgia
|
42.41 | 2025 | 126 | |
| 63 |
Samoa
|
41.64 | 2025 | 125 | |
| 64 |
Sudan
|
39.67 | 2022 | 124 | |
| 65 |
Iran
|
39.52 | 2025 | 123 | |
| 66 |
Rwanda
|
39.36 | 2025 | 122 | |
| 67 |
Sri Lanka
|
39.24 | 2025 | 121 | |
| 68 |
Nicaragua
|
38.86 | 2025 | 120 | |
| 69 |
Syria
|
38.86 | 2025 | 119 | |
| 70 |
Mongolia
|
38.37 | 2025 | 118 | |
| 71 |
Dominican Republic
|
37.99 | 2025 | 117 | |
| 72 |
Panama
|
37.87 | 2025 | 116 | |
| 73 |
Venezuela
|
37.3 | 2025 | 115 | |
| 74 |
Guatemala
|
36.16 | 2025 | 114 | |
| 75 |
Paraguay
|
36.09 | 2025 | 113 | |
| 76 |
Morocco
|
35.54 | 2025 | 112 | |
| 77 |
Sao Tome and Principe
|
34.99 | 2025 | 111 | |
| 78 |
Cabo Verde
|
34.26 | 2025 | 110 | |
| 79 |
Honduras
|
33.87 | 2025 | 109 | |
| 80 |
Tonga
|
33.7 | 2025 | 108 | |
| 81 |
Philippines
|
33.62 | 2025 | 107 | |
| 82 |
China
|
33.4 | 2025 | 106 | |
| 83 |
Uzbekistan
|
33.32 | 2025 | 105 | |
| 84 |
Armenia
|
32.85 | 2025 | 104 | |
| 85 |
Fiji
|
32.79 | 2025 | 103 | |
| 86 |
Lesotho
|
32.64 | 2025 | 102 | |
| 87 |
Jamaica
|
31.56 | 2025 | 101 | |
| 88 |
El Salvador
|
30.82 | 2025 | 100 | |
| 89 |
Djibouti
|
30.29 | 2025 | 99 | |
| 90 |
Namibia
|
29.94 | 2025 | 98 | |
| 91 |
Belize
|
29.84 | 2025 | 97 | |
| 92 |
Gabon
|
29.81 | 2025 | 96 | |
| 93 |
Kyrgyzstan
|
28.97 | 2025 | 95 | |
| 94 |
Eswatini
|
28.38 | 2025 | 94 | |
| 95 |
Turkmenistan
|
28.27 | 2025 | 93 | |
| 96 |
Tajikistan
|
27.98 | 2025 | 92 | |
| 97 |
Iraq
|
27.14 | 2025 | 91 | |
| 98 |
Brazil
|
26.08 | 2025 | 90 | |
| 99 |
Botswana
|
25.61 | 2025 | 89 | |
| 100 |
Algeria
|
25.56 | 2025 | 88 | |
| 101 |
Guyana
|
25.34 | 2025 | 87 | |
| 102 |
Mexico
|
25.31 | 2025 | 86 | |
| 103 |
Kazakhstan
|
24.79 | 2025 | 85 | |
| 104 |
Uruguay
|
24.37 | 2025 | 84 | |
| 105 |
Egypt
|
23.94 | 2025 | 83 | |
| 106 |
Türkiye
|
23.91 | 2025 | 82 | |
| 107 |
Serbia
|
23.89 | 2025 | 81 | |
| 108 |
Costa Rica
|
23.36 | 2025 | 80 | |
| 109 |
Equatorial Guinea
|
23.08 | 2025 | 79 | |
| 110 |
Greece
|
23.06 | 2025 | 78 | |
| 111 |
Argentina
|
22.27 | 2025 | 77 | |
| 112 |
Saint Lucia
|
21.99 | 2025 | 76 | |
| 113 |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
|
21.96 | 2025 | 75 | |
| 114 |
Malaysia
|
21.89 | 2025 | 74 | |
| 115 |
Libya
|
21.59 | 2025 | 73 | |
| 116 |
Trinidad and Tobago
|
21.25 | 2025 | 72 | |
| 117 |
Chile
|
20.93 | 2025 | 71 | |
| 118 |
Lebanon
|
19.39 | 2023 | 70 | |
| 119 |
Cuba
|
19.32 | 2025 | 69 | |
| 120 |
Ukraine
|
19.02 | 2021 | 68 | |
| 121 |
Barbados
|
18.8 | 2025 | 67 | |
| 122 |
Palestine
|
18.38 | 2022 | 66 | |
| 123 |
Suriname
|
18.38 | 2025 | 65 | |
| 124 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina
|
18.11 | 2025 | 64 | |
| 125 |
Tunisia
|
17.94 | 2025 | 63 | |
| 126 |
South Korea
|
17.69 | 2025 | 62 | |
| 127 |
Maldives
|
16.91 | 2025 | 61 | |
| 128 |
Bahamas
|
15.94 | 2025 | 60 | |
| 129 |
Poland
|
14.98 | 2025 | 59 | |
| 130 |
Mauritius
|
14.88 | 2025 | 58 | |
| 131 |
French Polynesia
|
14.78 | 2025 | 57 | |
| 132 |
Italy
|
14.35 | 2025 | 56 | |
| 133 |
Montenegro
|
14.28 | 2025 | 55 | |
| 134 |
New Caledonia
|
14.16 | 2025 | 54 | |
| 135 |
Czechia
|
13.5 | 2025 | 53 | |
| 136 |
Netherlands
|
13.42 | 2025 | 52 | |
| 137 |
Romania
|
13.05 | 2025 | 51 | |
| 138 |
New Zealand
|
12.57 | 2025 | 50 | |
| 139 |
North Macedonia
|
12.34 | 2025 | 49 | |
| 140 |
Slovakia
|
11.76 | 2025 | 48 | |
| 141 |
Guam
|
11.75 | 2025 | 47 | |
| 142 |
South Africa
|
11.66 | 2025 | 46 | |
| 143 |
United Kingdom
|
11.53 | 2025 | 45 | |
| 144 |
Belgium
|
11.04 | 2025 | 44 | |
| 145 |
Slovenia
|
10.61 | 2025 | 43 | |
| 146 |
Lithuania
|
10.36 | 2025 | 42 | |
| 147 |
Puerto Rico
|
10.31 | 2025 | 41 | |
| 148 |
Spain
|
10.07 | 2025 | 40 | |
| 149 |
Malta
|
10.07 | 2025 | 39 | |
| 150 |
Portugal
|
9.66 | 2025 | 38 | |
| 151 |
Ireland
|
9.64 | 2025 | 37 | |
| 152 |
Switzerland
|
9.6 | 2025 | 36 | |
| 153 |
Canada
|
9.56 | 2025 | 35 | |
| 154 |
Finland
|
9.46 | 2025 | 34 | |
| 155 |
Singapore
|
9.3 | 2025 | 33 | |
| 156 |
Australia
|
9.12 | 2025 | 32 | |
| 157 |
Latvia
|
8.62 | 2025 | 31 | |
| 158 |
France
|
8.5 | 2025 | 30 | |
| 159 |
Iceland
|
8.4 | 2025 | 29 | |
| 160 |
Cyprus
|
8.38 | 2025 | 28 | |
| 161 |
Jordan
|
7.86 | 2025 | 27 | |
| 162 |
Austria
|
7.85 | 2025 | 26 | |
| 163 |
Hungary
|
7.83 | 2025 | 25 | |
| 164 |
Israel
|
7.7 | 2025 | 24 | |
| 165 |
Japan
|
7.49 | 2025 | 23 | |
| 166 |
Estonia
|
7.09 | 2025 | 22 | |
| 167 |
Luxembourg
|
6.95 | 2025 | 21 | |
| 168 |
Bulgaria
|
6.92 | 2025 | 20 | |
| 169 |
Sweden
|
6.87 | 2025 | 19 | |
| 170 |
Croatia
|
6.35 | 2025 | 18 | |
| 171 |
Belarus
|
6.33 | 2025 | 17 | |
| 172 |
Hong Kong
|
5.76 | 2025 | 16 | |
| 173 |
United States Virgin Islands
|
5.47 | 2025 | 15 | |
| 174 |
Denmark
|
5.4 | 2025 | 14 | |
| 175 |
Russia
|
4.93 | 2025 | 13 | |
| 176 |
Brunei Darussalam
|
4.48 | 2025 | 12 | |
| 177 |
Germany
|
4.34 | 2025 | 11 | |
| 178 |
Channel Islands
|
4.17 | 2025 | 10 | |
| 179 |
Norway
|
4.17 | 2025 | 9 | |
| 180 |
Oman
|
3.81 | 2025 | 8 | |
| 181 |
United States
|
3.81 | 2025 | 7 | |
| 182 |
Macao
|
3.33 | 2025 | 6 | |
| 183 |
Kuwait
|
2.4 | 2025 | 5 | |
| 184 |
Saudi Arabia
|
1.66 | 2025 | 4 | |
| 185 |
United Arab Emirates
|
1.5 | 2025 | 3 | |
| 186 |
Bahrain
|
0.75 | 2025 | 2 | |
| 187 |
Qatar
|
0.46 | 2025 | 1 |
The share of own-account workers and contributing family workers in total employment. The ILO devised the category as a substitute for informal employment where informality is not measured: such workers usually have no employment contract, no social insurance and no protection against dismissal, and their income depends directly on what they produce. In the poorest countries this share exceeds three quarters of the employed — wage work there is closer to an exception.
Important: Not the same as informal employment: an employee without a contract does not fall into this category, though they are no better protected. The indicator understates informality in countries where off-the-books hiring is widespread.
The share of workers who work for themselves — from entrepreneurs to the informally employed.
Labor 1991–2025 Labor productivityHow much output one employed person creates in a year — in constant PPP dollars.
Labor 1991–2025 Employment in agricultureThe share of workers employed in agriculture, forestry and fishing.
Labor 1963–2025 Poverty at $3.65 a dayThe share of people living on less than $3.65 a day — the line for lower-middle-income countries.