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PM2.5 air pollution

The mean annual concentration of fine particles the population is exposed to.

Unit: µg/m³ Period: 1990–2023 Source: Global Health Observatory (WHO)
Source: WHO · About the indicator
Average: 21.7 µg/m³ Countries: 200

The ranking uses the latest available value for each country. For all of them that is 2023.

PM2.5 air pollution, 2023

Top-20 · µg/m³

PM2.5 air pollution, 2023050100150QatarQatar: 107.8 µg/m³107.8Saudi ArabiaSaudi Arabia: 73.5 µg/m³73.5BangladeshBangladesh: 69.3 µg/m³69.3NigeriaNigeria: 65.7 µg/m³65.7NigerNiger: 65.2 µg/m³65.2KuwaitKuwait: 62.3 µg/m³62.3PakistanPakistan: 58.4 µg/m³58.4United Arab EmiratesUnited Arab Emirates: 57.2 µg/m³57.2BahrainBahrain: 56.6 µg/m³56.6CameroonCameroon: 55.6 µg/m³55.6IndiaIndia: 54.1 µg/m³54.1NepalNepal: 53.2 µg/m³53.2IraqIraq: 49.5 µg/m³49.5OmanOman: 46.9 µg/m³46.9YemenYemen: 46.8 µg/m³46.8MauritaniaMauritania: 46.5 µg/m³46.5EgyptEgypt: 43.1 µg/m³43.1ChadChad: 43 µg/m³43MongoliaMongolia: 42.7 µg/m³42.7Equatorial GuineaEquatorial Guinea: 42.2 µg/m³42.2
PM2.5 air pollution — 2023 Current breakdown Full series CSV XLSX JSON
# Year Subregion World rank
1 QA Qatar 107.8 2023 200
2 SA Saudi Arabia 73.5 2023 199
3 BD Bangladesh 69.3 2023 198
4 NG Nigeria 65.7 2023 197
5 NE Niger 65.2 2023 196
6 KW Kuwait 62.3 2023 195
7 PK Pakistan 58.4 2023 194
8 AE United Arab Emirates 57.2 2023 193
9 BH Bahrain 56.6 2023 192
10 CM Cameroon 55.6 2023 191
11 IN India 54.1 2023 190
12 NP Nepal 53.2 2023 189
13 IQ Iraq 49.5 2023 188
14 OM Oman 46.9 2023 187
15 YE Yemen 46.8 2023 186
16 MR Mauritania 46.5 2023 185
17 EG Egypt 43.1 2023 184
18 TD Chad 43 2023 183
19 MN Mongolia 42.7 2023 182
20 GQ Equatorial Guinea 42.2 2023 181
21 SN Senegal 41.6 2023 180
22 DJ Djibouti 40.3 2023 179
23 IR Iran 40.2 2023 178
24 BJ Benin 39.7 2023 177
25 GM Gambia 38.3 2023 176
26 AF Afghanistan 37.9 2023 175
27 SD Sudan 37.6 2023 174
28 BF Burkina Faso 37.3 2023 173
29 CG Republic of the Congo 36.5 2023 172
30 RW Rwanda 36 2023 171
31 CD Democratic Republic of the Congo 35.8 2023 170
32 BI Burundi 35.7 2023 169
33 ML Mali 35.5 2023 168
34 MM Myanmar 35.1 2023 167
35 TG Togo 34.3 2023 166
36 ER Eritrea 33.7 2023 165
37 TJ Tajikistan 33.3 2023 164
38 CF Central African Republic 33.3 2023 163
39 UZ Uzbekistan 32.8 2023 162
40 JO Jordan 32.6 2023 161
41 GW Guinea-Bissau 32.3 2023 160
42 SY Syria 32.1 2023 159
43 CN China 32 2023 158
44 GA Gabon 31.3 2023 157
45 TM Turkmenistan 31.2 2023 156
46 UG Uganda 31.2 2023 155
47 PE Peru 31.1 2023 154
48 HN Honduras 30.7 2023 153
49 BT Bhutan 30.1 2023 152
50 GT Guatemala 29.7 2023 151
51 SV El Salvador 29.6 2023 150
52 AM Armenia 28.6 2023 149
53 GH Ghana 28.1 2023 148
54 BO Bolivia 28.1 2023 147
55 ZA South Africa 27.7 2023 146
56 GN Guinea 27.3 2023 145
57 LB Lebanon 26.7 2023 144
58 LS Lesotho 26.4 2023 143
59 TR Türkiye 26.4 2023 142
60 BA Bosnia and Herzegovina 26.1 2023 141
61 LA Laos 26 2023 140
62 VN Vietnam 24.8 2023 139
63 ET Ethiopia 23.8 2023 138
64 AZ Azerbaijan 23.7 2023 137
65 SS South Sudan 23.7 2023 136
66 TH Thailand 23.5 2023 135
67 CL Chile 23.1 2023 134
68 LK Sri Lanka 22.7 2023 133
69 SL Sierra Leone 22.5 2023 132
70 PS Palestine 22.4 2023 131
71 PH Philippines 22.2 2023 130
72 IL Israel 21.9 2023 129
73 KR South Korea 21.9 2023 128
74 MK North Macedonia 21.8 2023 127
75 KP North Korea 21.8 2023 126
76 JM Jamaica 21.7 2023 125
77 ID Indonesia 20.8 2023 124
78 NI Nicaragua 20.4 2023 123
79 CI Côte d'Ivoire 20.4 2023 122
80 KE Kenya 20.3 2023 121
81 ZM Zambia 20.2 2023 120
82 CV Cabo Verde 20.2 2023 119
83 TZ Tanzania 20.2 2023 118
84 KG Kyrgyzstan 20.1 2023 117
85 LY Libya 20 2023 116
86 AO Angola 19.9 2023 115
87 BG Bulgaria 19.7 2023 114
88 KZ Kazakhstan 19.6 2023 113
89 KH Cambodia 19.4 2023 112
90 RS Serbia 19.3 2023 111
91 VE Venezuela 19.2 2023 110
92 TN Tunisia 18.9 2023 109
93 MA Morocco 18.7 2023 108
94 EC Ecuador 18.6 2023 107
95 GE Georgia 18.6 2023 106
96 SO Somalia 18.5 2023 105
97 ME Montenegro 18.5 2023 104
98 CO Colombia 18.4 2023 103
99 LR Liberia 17.9 2023 102
100 CR Costa Rica 17.7 2023 101
101 GY Guyana 16.9 2023 100
102 BZ Belize 16.8 2023 99
103 SZ Eswatini 16.7 2023 98
104 MW Malawi 16.7 2023 97
105 MX Mexico 16.6 2023 96
106 DZ Algeria 16.5 2023 95
107 PL Poland 16.5 2023 94
108 CY Cyprus 16.1 2023 93
109 RO Romania 16 2023 92
110 MY Malaysia 15.9 2023 91
111 HT Haiti 15.8 2023 90
112 HR Croatia 15.8 2023 89
113 SR Suriname 15.7 2023 88
114 AL Albania 15.5 2023 87
115 PY Paraguay 15.3 2023 86
116 SG Singapore 15.1 2023 85
117 PA Panama 15.1 2023 84
118 ST Sao Tome and Principe 15.1 2023 83
119 ZW Zimbabwe 15 2023 82
120 MD Moldova 14.9 2023 81
121 UA Ukraine 14.9 2023 80
122 AR Argentina 14.3 2023 79
123 IT Italy 14.3 2023 78
124 NA Namibia 14.2 2023 77
125 GR Greece 14.1 2023 76
126 PG Papua New Guinea 14.1 2023 75
127 MU Mauritius 14.1 2023 74
128 TT Trinidad and Tobago 13.8 2023 73
129 MZ Mozambique 13.7 2023 72
130 SK Slovakia 13.7 2023 71
131 HU Hungary 13.7 2023 70
132 DO Dominican Republic 13.5 2023 69
133 BR Brazil 13.4 2023 68
134 BW Botswana 13.2 2023 67
135 LV Latvia 13 2023 66
136 CZ Czechia 12.7 2023 65
137 SM San Marino 12.7 2023 64
138 SI Slovenia 12.6 2023 63
139 MG Madagascar 12.4 2023 62
140 TL Timor-Leste 12 2023 61
141 BY Belarus 12 2023 60
142 RU Russia 11.6 2023 59
143 DM Dominica 11.5 2023 58
144 JP Japan 11.5 2023 57
145 MC Monaco 11.4 2023 56
146 MV Maldives 11.2 2023 55
147 GD Grenada 11 2023 54
148 BB Barbados 10.9 2023 53
149 UY Uruguay 10.9 2023 52
150 MT Malta 10.8 2023 51
151 LT Lithuania 10.7 2023 50
152 VC Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 10.6 2023 49
153 LC Saint Lucia 10.4 2023 48
154 KM Comoros 10.2 2023 47
155 ES Spain 10.1 2023 46
156 AT Austria 10 2023 45
157 SB Solomon Islands 9.8 2023 44
158 GB United Kingdom 9.5 2023 43
159 CU Cuba 9.4 2023 42
160 SC Seychelles 9.3 2023 41
161 AD Andorra 8.9 2023 40
162 KN Saint Kitts and Nevis 8.9 2023 39
163 DE Germany 8.8 2023 38
164 PT Portugal 8.8 2023 37
165 NL Netherlands 8.6 2023 36
166 BE Belgium 8.4 2023 35
167 AG Antigua and Barbuda 8.4 2023 34
168 CH Switzerland 8.3 2023 33
169 FR France 8.2 2023 32
170 PR Puerto Rico 7.8 2023 31
171 BN Brunei Darussalam 7.6 2023 30
172 IE Ireland 7.5 2023 29
173 DK Denmark 7.5 2023 28
174 LU Luxembourg 7.4 2023 27
175 VU Vanuatu 7 2023 26
176 US United States 7 2023 25
177 NZ New Zealand 6.9 2023 24
178 VI United States Virgin Islands 6.8 2023 23
179 CA Canada 6.6 2023 22
180 FJ Fiji 6.4 2023 21
181 AU Australia 6.4 2023 20
182 EE Estonia 5.9 2023 19
183 NO Norway 5.5 2023 18
184 BS Bahamas 5.3 2023 17
185 SE Sweden 5.3 2023 16
186 TV Tuvalu 5.2 2023 15
187 PW Palau 4.9 2023 14
188 IS Iceland 4.9 2023 13
189 NR Nauru 4.8 2023 12
190 TO Tonga 4.7 2023 11
191 BM Bermuda 4.6 2023 10
192 WS Samoa 4.6 2023 9
193 FI Finland 4.6 2023 8
194 AS American Samoa 4.3 2023 7
195 MH Marshall Islands 4.1 2023 6
196 KI Kiribati 3.9 2023 5
197 FM Micronesia 3.5 2023 4
198 GU Guam 3.5 2023 3
199 MP Northern Mariana Islands 2.7 2023 2
200 GL Greenland 1.6 2023 1
Nothing found. Check the spelling of the name.
Maximum 107.8 µg/m³
Median 17.3 µg/m³
Minimum 1.6 µg/m³
World 32.9 µg/m³

About the indicator

The mean annual concentration of suspended particles smaller than 2.5 micrometers, weighted by population — that is, the concentration residents are actually exposed to rather than the average across the territory. The WHO guideline of 2021 is no more than 5 µg/m³; in the most polluted countries values exceed it more than tenfold.

Updates
annually
Unit of measurement
µg/m³
Observation period
1990–2023
License
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO
Dataset
Global Health Observatory

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