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Researchers per million people — all countries

Researchers per million people — Spain

Researchers per million people in Spain in 2023 — 3,654 per 1M. Ranked 28 in the world out of 76. Since 1996, the indicator has risen by 184.1%.

2023 3,654 per 1M +7.86% vs 2022
World rank 28of 76
Period maximum 3,654 per 1M2023
Period minimum 1,286 per 1M1996

Trend over time

1996–2023 · per million people

Researchers per million people — Spain, 1996–20231,0002,0003,0004,00019961999200220052008201120142017202020231996: 1,286 per 1M1997: 1,336 per 1M1998: 1,487 per 1M1999: 1,512 per 1M2000: 1,874 per 1M2001: 1,947 per 1M2002: 2,014 per 1M2003: 2,195 per 1M2004: 2,356 per 1M2005: 2,516 per 1M2006: 2,613 per 1M2007: 2,720 per 1M2008: 2,850 per 1M2009: 2,877 per 1M2010: 2,880 per 1M2011: 2,775 per 1M2012: 2,693 per 1M2013: 2,624 per 1M2014: 2,614 per 1M2015: 2,623 per 1M2016: 2,713 per 1M2017: 2,847 per 1M2018: 2,984 per 1M2019: 3,048 per 1M2020: 3,052 per 1M2021: 3,230 per 1M2022: 3,387 per 1M2023: 3,654 per 1M
Change over the period: +2,368 (+184.1%) Average annual rate: 3.94 %

Comparison, 2023

How the value compares with the world and the groups this territory belongs to: Spain

Spain 3,654 per 1M
Europe & Central Asia 3,715 per 1M
Researchers per million people — Spain, by year Spain All countries CSV XLSX
Year per 1M Change Change, %
2023 3,654 +266 +7.86%
2022 3,387 +158 +4.89%
2021 3,230 +178 +5.83%
2020 3,052 +3 +0.11%
2019 3,048 +64 +2.14%
2018 2,984 +137 +4.81%
2017 2,847 +135 +4.96%
2016 2,713 +90 +3.44%
2015 2,623 +8 +0.31%
2014 2,614 −9 −0.35%
2013 2,624 −70 −2.59%
2012 2,693 −82 −2.95%
2011 2,775 −105 −3.64%
2010 2,880 +3 +0.12%
2009 2,877 +26 +0.92%
2008 2,850 +130 +4.78%
2007 2,720 +107 +4.09%
2006 2,613 +97 +3.86%
2005 2,516 +160 +6.79%
2004 2,356 +161 +7.34%
2003 2,195 +181 +8.97%
2002 2,014 +67 +3.46%
2001 1,947 +73 +3.89%
2000 1,874 +362 +23.94%
1999 1,512 +25 +1.66%
1998 1,487 +151 +11.32%
1997 1,336 +50 +3.89%
1996 1,286 — —

Southern Europe, 2023

The same indicator for neighboring countries — with links to their pages

PT Portugal 5,983 SI Slovenia 5,616 GR Greece 5,283 ES Spain 3,654 IT Italy 2,855 RS Serbia 2,515 HR Croatia 2,440 MT Malta 2,355 MK North Macedonia 922 BA Bosnia and Herzegovina 670
Full table for all countries

About the indicator

The number of researchers (professionals engaged in creating new knowledge, products and methods) per million people, in full-time equivalent. Doctoral students who conduct research are included. Conversion to full-time equivalent makes it possible to compare countries in which the share of part-time work in research differs.

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), license CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO.

Other indicators for Spain

Education R&D expenditure (% of GDP)

Gross domestic expenditure on research and development as a percentage of GDP.

Spain by year Education Scientific and technical journal articles

The number of articles in scientific and technical journals per year.

Spain by year Education Patent applications by residents

How many patent applications residents of a country file per year.

Spain by year Education Tertiary education enrollment

How many university students there are relative to the population of the corresponding age.

Spain by year
All indicators for Spain