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Trade openness — all countries

Trade openness — Mongolia

Trade openness in Mongolia in 2025 — 130.71%. Ranked 27 in the world out of 138. Since 1981, the indicator has risen by 35.8 pp.

2025 130.71% −7.74 pp vs 2024
World rank 27of 138
Period maximum 142.86%2023
Period minimum 58.62%1990

Trend over time

1981–2025 · % of GDP

Trade openness — Mongolia, 1981–2025507510012515019811986199119962001200620112016202120251981: 94.9%1982: 90.72%1983: 89.03%1984: 94.25%1985: 94.94%1986: 111.57%1987: 103.07%1988: 94.47%1989: 76.36%1990: 58.62%1991: 136.6%1992: 65.3%1993: 129.74%1994: 99.16%1995: 82.1%1996: 77.97%1997: 99.99%1998: 107.35%1999: 112.24%2000: 121.89%2001: 115.82%2002: 118.52%2003: 120.3%2004: 131.33%2005: 122.38%2006: 112.93%2007: 117.88%2008: 121.2%2009: 107.81%2010: 103.35%2011: 127%2012: 109.59%2013: 100.31%2014: 109.32%2015: 89.65%2016: 101.06%2017: 115.93%2018: 126.36%2019: 124.4%2020: 112.84%2021: 119.1%2022: 136.33%2023: 142.86%2024: 138.45%2025: 130.71%
Change over the period: +35.8 pp Annual average: 0.81 pp

Comparison, 2025

How the value compares with the world and the groups this territory belongs to: Mongolia

Mongolia 130.71%
World 68.49%
East Asia & Pacific 63.84%
Eastern Asia computed 49.45%
Lower-middle-income countries computed 59.58%
Trade openness — Mongolia, by year Mongolia All countries CSV XLSX
Year % Change, pp
2025 130.71 −7.74 pp
2024 138.45 −4.42 pp
2023 142.86 +6.54 pp
2022 136.33 +17.23 pp
2021 119.1 +6.26 pp
2020 112.84 −11.56 pp
2019 124.4 −1.96 pp
2018 126.36 +10.42 pp
2017 115.93 +14.88 pp
2016 101.06 +11.4 pp
2015 89.65 −19.67 pp
2014 109.32 +9.01 pp
2013 100.31 −9.28 pp
2012 109.59 −17.41 pp
2011 127 +23.65 pp
2010 103.35 −4.46 pp
2009 107.81 −13.38 pp
2008 121.2 +3.32 pp
2007 117.88 +4.95 pp
2006 112.93 −9.45 pp
2005 122.38 −8.95 pp
2004 131.33 +11.03 pp
2003 120.3 +1.78 pp
2002 118.52 +2.7 pp
2001 115.82 −6.07 pp
2000 121.89 +9.65 pp
1999 112.24 +4.89 pp
1998 107.35 +7.36 pp
1997 99.99 +22.02 pp
1996 77.97 −4.13 pp
1995 82.1 −17.05 pp
1994 99.16 −30.58 pp
1993 129.74 +64.45 pp
1992 65.3 −71.31 pp
1991 136.6 +77.98 pp
1990 58.62 −17.74 pp
1989 76.36 −18.11 pp
1988 94.47 −8.59 pp
1987 103.07 −8.51 pp
1986 111.57 +16.63 pp
1985 94.94 +0.69 pp
1984 94.25 +5.22 pp
1983 89.03 −1.69 pp
1982 90.72 −4.19 pp
1981 94.9 —

Eastern Asia, 2025

The same indicator for neighboring countries — with links to their pages

HK Hong Kong 396.65 MO Macao 139.14 MN Mongolia 130.71 KR South Korea 86.36 CN China 37.96
Full table for all countries

About the indicator

The sum of exports and imports of goods and services as a percent of GDP — the standard indicator of the trade openness of an economy. Values above 100% are not an anomaly: they mean that trade turnover exceeds annual GDP, which is typical of trading hubs and of small economies built into supply chains.

Source: World Development Indicators (World Bank), license CC BY 4.0.

Other indicators for Mongolia

Trade Merchandise trade (% of GDP)

Merchandise exports plus imports as a percent of GDP — without services.

Mongolia by year Trade Exports (% of GDP)

How far the economy is oriented toward external markets.

Mongolia by year Trade Imports (% of GDP)

How far the economy depends on supplies from abroad.

Mongolia by year Trade Trade balance

The difference between exports and imports of goods and services. A minus means imports are larger.

Mongolia by year
All indicators for Mongolia