Trade openness in upper-middle-income countries in 2025 — 46.57%. Since 1990, the indicator has risen by 11.26 pp.
1990–2025 · % of GDP
How the value compares with the world and the groups this territory belongs to: Upper-middle-income countries
| Year | % | Change, pp |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 46.57 | −0.25 pp |
| 2024 | 46.82 | +0.86 pp |
| 2023 | 45.96 | −2.58 pp |
| 2022 | 48.53 | +2.99 pp |
| 2021 | 45.54 | +3.99 pp |
| 2020 | 41.55 | −2.49 pp |
| 2019 | 44.04 | −1.55 pp |
| 2018 | 45.59 | +1.56 pp |
| 2017 | 44.03 | +0.86 pp |
| 2016 | 43.17 | −2.21 pp |
| 2015 | 45.38 | −3.79 pp |
| 2014 | 49.17 | −1.49 pp |
| 2013 | 50.66 | −1.4 pp |
| 2012 | 52.05 | −0.68 pp |
| 2011 | 52.74 | +1.3 pp |
| 2010 | 51.44 | +2.83 pp |
| 2009 | 48.61 | −10.4 pp |
| 2008 | 59.01 | −0.42 pp |
| 2007 | 59.43 | −1.27 pp |
| 2006 | 60.7 | +0.82 pp |
| 2005 | 59.88 | +0.56 pp |
| 2004 | 59.32 | +4.74 pp |
| 2003 | 54.59 | +3.56 pp |
| 2002 | 51.03 | +3.19 pp |
| 2001 | 47.84 | −0.72 pp |
| 2000 | 48.56 | +4.61 pp |
| 1999 | 43.95 | +2.86 pp |
| 1998 | 41.1 | −0.78 pp |
| 1997 | 41.88 | +1.09 pp |
| 1996 | 40.78 | −0.01 pp |
| 1995 | 40.79 | +0.99 pp |
| 1994 | 39.81 | +0.98 pp |
| 1993 | 38.82 | −1.19 pp |
| 1992 | 40.01 | +2.97 pp |
| 1991 | 37.04 | +1.74 pp |
| 1990 | 35.31 | — |
The sum of exports and imports of goods and services as a percent of GDP — the standard indicator of the trade openness of an economy. Values above 100% are not an anomaly: they mean that trade turnover exceeds annual GDP, which is typical of trading hubs and of small economies built into supply chains.
Source: World Development Indicators (World Bank), license CC BY 4.0.
Merchandise exports plus imports as a percent of GDP — without services.
Trade Exports (% of GDP)How far the economy is oriented toward external markets.
Trade Imports (% of GDP)How far the economy depends on supplies from abroad.
Trade Trade balanceThe difference between exports and imports of goods and services. A minus means imports are larger.