Trade openness — all countries

Trade openness — Central America

Trade openness in Central America in 2025 — 78.14%. Since 1960, the indicator has risen by 53.01 pp.

2025 78.14% +3.37 pp vs 2024
World rank
Period maximum 87.46%2022
Period minimum 23.79%1964

Trend over time

1960–2025 · % of GDP

Trade openness — Central America, 1960–2025025507510019601967197419811988199520022009201620231960: 25.13%1962: 24.27%1964: 23.79%1966: 24.91%1968: 24.45%1970: 25.25%1972: 24.66%1974: 27.96%1976: 26.82%1978: 30.22%1980: 28.63%1982: 29.24%1984: 30.05%1986: 35.07%1988: 42.31%1990: 42.36%1992: 39.78%1994: 33.11%1996: 51.56%1998: 51.91%2000: 52.91%2002: 48.62%2004: 55.64%2006: 58.28%2008: 61%2010: 62.89%2012: 68.19%2014: 66.65%2016: 74.61%2018: 78.77%2020: 73.85%2022: 87.46%2024: 74.76%2025: 78.14%
Change over the period: +53.01 pp Annual average: 0.82 pp

Comparison, 2025

How the value compares with the world and the groups this territory belongs to: Central America

Central America 78.14%
World 68.49%
Trade openness — Central America, by year Central America All countries CSV XLSX
Year % Change, pp
2025 78.14 +3.37 pp
2024 74.76 +0.98 pp
2023 73.78 −13.68 pp
2022 87.46 +6.3 pp
2021 81.16 +7.32 pp
2020 73.85 −2.19 pp
2019 76.03 −2.73 pp
2018 78.77 +2.95 pp
2017 75.81 +1.21 pp
2016 74.61 +3.52 pp
2015 71.09 +4.45 pp
2014 66.65 +0.65 pp
2013 66 −2.19 pp
2012 68.19 +1.88 pp
2011 66.31 +3.42 pp
2010 62.89 +4.57 pp
2009 58.32 −2.68 pp
2008 61 +1.61 pp
2007 59.38 +1.1 pp
2006 58.28 +1.95 pp
2005 56.33 +0.69 pp
2004 55.64 +3.49 pp
2003 52.15 +3.53 pp
2002 48.62 +0.31 pp
2001 48.31 −4.61 pp
2000 52.91 +1.7 pp
1999 51.22 −0.69 pp
1998 51.91 +1.32 pp
1997 50.59 −0.98 pp
1996 51.56 +3.48 pp
1995 48.09 +14.98 pp
1994 33.11 +2.93 pp
1993 30.18 −9.6 pp
1992 39.78 +0.04 pp
1991 39.74 −2.62 pp
1990 42.36 +0.56 pp
1989 41.81 −0.5 pp
1988 42.31 +6.19 pp
1987 36.11 +1.04 pp
1986 35.07 +6.54 pp
1985 28.53 −1.51 pp
1984 30.05 −1.71 pp
1983 31.75 +2.52 pp
1982 29.24 +2.31 pp
1981 26.93 −1.7 pp
1980 28.63 −2.52 pp
1979 31.15 +0.93 pp
1978 30.22 −0.74 pp
1977 30.96 +4.14 pp
1976 26.82 +2.25 pp
1975 24.57 −3.39 pp
1974 27.96 +2.28 pp
1973 25.68 +1.03 pp
1972 24.66 +0.49 pp
1971 24.17 −1.08 pp
1970 25.25 +0.82 pp
1969 24.43 −0.02 pp
1968 24.45 +0.2 pp
1967 24.25 −0.66 pp
1966 24.91 −0.48 pp
1965 25.39 +1.6 pp
1964 23.79 −0.94 pp
1963 24.72 +0.45 pp
1962 24.27 +0.21 pp
1961 24.06 −1.06 pp
1960 25.13

About the indicator

The sum of exports and imports of goods and services as a percent of GDP — the standard indicator of the trade openness of an economy. Values above 100% are not an anomaly: they mean that trade turnover exceeds annual GDP, which is typical of trading hubs and of small economies built into supply chains.

Source: World Development Indicators (World Bank), license CC BY 4.0.