Carbon intensity of electricity — all countries

Carbon intensity of electricity — Euro area

Carbon intensity of electricity in the Euro area in 2025 — 188 g/kWh. Since 2000, the indicator has fallen by 51.8%.

2025 188 g/kWh −0.25% vs 2024
World rank
Period maximum 394 g/kWh2002
Period minimum 188 g/kWh2025

Trend over time

2000–2025 · grams CO₂ per kWh

Carbon intensity of electricity — Euro area, 2000–20251002003004002000200320062009201220152018202120242000: 390 g/kWh2001: 382 g/kWh2002: 394 g/kWh2003: 394 g/kWh2004: 387 g/kWh2005: 388 g/kWh2006: 380 g/kWh2007: 388 g/kWh2008: 367 g/kWh2009: 355 g/kWh2010: 343 g/kWh2011: 351 g/kWh2012: 352 g/kWh2013: 334 g/kWh2014: 321 g/kWh2015: 329 g/kWh2016: 320 g/kWh2017: 321 g/kWh2018: 298 g/kWh2019: 264 g/kWh2020: 237 g/kWh2021: 246 g/kWh2022: 270 g/kWh2023: 214 g/kWh2024: 188 g/kWh2025: 188 g/kWh
Change over the period: −202 (−51.84%) Average annual rate: -2.88 %
Carbon intensity of electricity — Euro area, by year Euro area All countries CSV XLSX
Year g/kWh Change Change, %
2025 188 −0 −0.25%
2024 188 −26 −11.96%
2023 214 −56 −20.83%
2022 270 +25 +9.99%
2021 246 +8 +3.58%
2020 237 −26 −9.93%
2019 264 −34 −11.52%
2018 298 −23 −7.24%
2017 321 +1 +0.44%
2016 320 −10 −2.91%
2015 329 +8 +2.6%
2014 321 −13 −3.91%
2013 334 −18 −5.07%
2012 352 +1 +0.26%
2011 351 +8 +2.45%
2010 343 −13 −3.59%
2009 355 −11 −3.13%
2008 367 −21 −5.42%
2007 388 +8 +2.04%
2006 380 −8 −2.08%
2005 388 +1 +0.22%
2004 387 −7 −1.67%
2003 394 −0 −0.12%
2002 394 +13 +3.31%
2001 382 −9 −2.24%
2000 390

About the indicator

Carbon dioxide emissions from the power sector per kilowatt-hour of generation. A single number into which the whole structure of generation folds: a coal plant gives about 820 grams per kilowatt-hour, a gas plant roughly 490, and nuclear, wind and solar single digits. The indicator therefore reads as a summary verdict on a power system and is especially useful for comparing countries with different generation mixes: one may have a lot of hydro and another nuclear, yet the result comes out close.

Important: Emissions from generating electricity are counted, without emissions from building the plants and extracting the fuel. Aggregates are weighted by generation and computed from 2000 onward.

Source: Yearly Electricity Data (Ember), license CC BY 4.0.