R&D expenditure (% of GDP) in Panama in 2024 — 0.2%. Ranked 23 in the world out of 30. Since 1996, the indicator has fallen by 0.14 pp.
1996–2024 · % of GDP
| Year | % | Change, pp |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 0.2 | +0.04 pp |
| 2023 | 0.16 | −0.02 pp |
| 2022 | 0.18 | +0.01 pp |
| 2021 | 0.18 | −0.06 pp |
| 2020 | 0.23 | +0.1 pp |
| 2019 | 0.14 | +0 pp |
| 2018 | 0.13 | +0 pp |
| 2017 | 0.13 | +0 pp |
| 2016 | 0.13 | +0.02 pp |
| 2015 | 0.1 | −0.02 pp |
| 2014 | 0.12 | +0.06 pp |
| 2013 | 0.06 | −0.01 pp |
| 2012 | 0.07 | −0.09 pp |
| 2011 | 0.17 | +0.03 pp |
| 2010 | 0.14 | +0.01 pp |
| 2009 | 0.13 | −0.06 pp |
| 2008 | 0.19 | +0.01 pp |
| 2007 | 0.18 | −0.05 pp |
| 2006 | 0.23 | +0 pp |
| 2005 | 0.23 | +0 pp |
| 2004 | 0.23 | −0.1 pp |
| 2003 | 0.32 | −0.02 pp |
| 2002 | 0.35 | −0.02 pp |
| 2001 | 0.37 | −0 pp |
| 2000 | 0.37 | +0.09 pp |
| 1999 | 0.28 | +0 pp |
| 1998 | 0.28 | −0.03 pp |
| 1997 | 0.32 | −0.02 pp |
| 1996 | 0.33 | — |
The same indicator for neighboring countries — with links to their pages
Mexico
0.25
Panama
0.2
Gross domestic expenditure on research and development (R&D) as a percentage of GDP — all current and capital spending by business, government, universities and nonprofit organizations on basic and applied research. The threshold of 3% of GDP is the target adopted in the EU; the leaders (Israel, South Korea) exceed 4.5%.
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), license CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO.
The number of researchers per million residents — in full-time equivalent.
Education Patent applications by residentsHow many patent applications residents of a country file per year.
Education Scientific and technical journal articlesThe number of articles in scientific and technical journals per year.
Trade High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports)What part of manufactured exports consists of high-technology products.