R&D expenditure (% of GDP) in Iraq in 2021 — 0.04%. Ranked 88 in the world out of 88. Since 2007, the indicator has fallen by 0 pp.
2007–2021 · % of GDP
How the value compares with the world and the groups this territory belongs to: Iraq
| Year | % | Change, pp |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 0.04 | +0 pp |
| 2020 | 0.04 | +0.01 pp |
| 2019 | 0.03 | −0.01 pp |
| 2018 | 0.04 | −0 pp |
| 2017 | 0.05 | +0.01 pp |
| 2016 | 0.04 | −0 pp |
| 2015 | 0.04 | +0 pp |
| 2014 | 0.04 | — |
| 2011 | 0.03 | −0 pp |
| 2010 | 0.04 | −0.01 pp |
| 2009 | 0.05 | +0.01 pp |
| 2008 | 0.03 | −0.01 pp |
| 2007 | 0.05 | — |
The same indicator for neighboring countries — with links to their pages
Gross domestic expenditure on research and development (R&D) as a percentage of GDP — all current and capital spending by business, government, universities and nonprofit organizations on basic and applied research. The threshold of 3% of GDP is the target adopted in the EU; the leaders (Israel, South Korea) exceed 4.5%.
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), license CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO.
The number of researchers per million residents — in full-time equivalent.
Education Patent applications by residentsHow many patent applications residents of a country file per year.
Education Scientific and technical journal articlesThe number of articles in scientific and technical journals per year.
