Merchandise trade (% of GDP) — all countries

Merchandise trade (% of GDP) — Southern Europe

Merchandise trade (% of GDP) in Southern Europe in 2025 — 57.41%. Since 2006, the indicator has risen by 12.44 pp.

2025 57.41% −0.86 pp vs 2024
World rank
Period maximum 69.01%2022
Period minimum 37.93%2009

Trend over time

2006–2025 · % of GDP

Merchandise trade (% of GDP) — Southern Europe, 2006–20253040506070200620082010201220142016201820202022202420252006: 44.97%2007: 46.43%2008: 46.62%2009: 37.93%2010: 43.96%2011: 48.31%2012: 49.53%2013: 49.49%2014: 50.03%2015: 50.31%2016: 49.56%2017: 52.55%2018: 54.09%2019: 53.86%2020: 52.39%2021: 58.67%2022: 69.01%2023: 60.57%2024: 58.27%2025: 57.41%
Change over the period: +12.44 pp Annual average: 0.65 pp

Comparison, 2025

How the value compares with the world and the groups this territory belongs to: Southern Europe

Southern Europe 57.41%
World 43.89%
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) — Southern Europe, by year Southern Europe All countries CSV XLSX
Year % Change, pp
2025 57.41 −0.86 pp
2024 58.27 −2.3 pp
2023 60.57 −8.44 pp
2022 69.01 +10.34 pp
2021 58.67 +6.27 pp
2020 52.39 −1.47 pp
2019 53.86 −0.22 pp
2018 54.09 +1.53 pp
2017 52.55 +3 pp
2016 49.56 −0.76 pp
2015 50.31 +0.28 pp
2014 50.03 +0.54 pp
2013 49.49 −0.04 pp
2012 49.53 +1.22 pp
2011 48.31 +4.35 pp
2010 43.96 +6.03 pp
2009 37.93 −8.7 pp
2008 46.62 +0.19 pp
2007 46.43 +1.46 pp
2006 44.97

About the indicator

The sum of exports and imports of goods as a percent of GDP. It differs from trade openness in that services are not counted here, and the difference between the two indicators is exactly what shows the weight of services in a country's foreign trade. The highest values come not from large exporters but from transshipment economies — Singapore, Hong Kong, Luxembourg — where goods are brought in to be sent out again, and both flows are counted in full.

Important: Goods only. The value can exceed 100% of GDP: exports and imports are counted at the full value of the goods while GDP is counted as value added, so in transshipment economies the values run to several hundred percent.

Source: World Development Indicators (World Bank), license CC BY 4.0.