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Carbon intensity of electricity — all countries

Carbon intensity of electricity — Australia and New Zealand

Carbon intensity of electricity in Australia and New Zealand in 2025 — 468 g/kWh. Since 2000, the indicator has fallen by 34.2%.

2025 468 g/kWh −5.34% vs 2024
World rank —
Period maximum 718 g/kWh2001
Period minimum 468 g/kWh2025

Trend over time

2000–2025 · grams CO₂ per kWh

Carbon intensity of electricity — Australia and New Zealand, 2000–20254005006007008002000200320062009201220152018202120242000: 711 g/kWh2001: 718 g/kWh2002: 704 g/kWh2003: 707 g/kWh2004: 701 g/kWh2005: 708 g/kWh2006: 708 g/kWh2007: 706 g/kWh2008: 710 g/kWh2009: 699 g/kWh2010: 686 g/kWh2011: 664 g/kWh2012: 666 g/kWh2013: 646 g/kWh2014: 648 g/kWh2015: 644 g/kWh2016: 628 g/kWh2017: 634 g/kWh2018: 608 g/kWh2019: 594 g/kWh2020: 572 g/kWh2021: 541 g/kWh2022: 513 g/kWh2023: 493 g/kWh2024: 494 g/kWh2025: 468 g/kWh
Change over the period: −244 (−34.23%) Average annual rate: -1.66 %
Carbon intensity of electricity — Australia and New Zealand, by year Australia and New Zealand All countries CSV XLSX
Year g/kWh Change Change, %
2025 468 −26 −5.34%
2024 494 +1 +0.24%
2023 493 −20 −3.89%
2022 513 −28 −5.24%
2021 541 −31 −5.37%
2020 572 −22 −3.75%
2019 594 −13 −2.22%
2018 608 −26 −4.06%
2017 634 +6 +0.92%
2016 628 −16 −2.48%
2015 644 −4 −0.61%
2014 648 +2 +0.27%
2013 646 −19 −2.92%
2012 666 +1 +0.2%
2011 664 −22 −3.21%
2010 686 −13 −1.8%
2009 699 −11 −1.53%
2008 710 +4 +0.55%
2007 706 −2 −0.25%
2006 708 −1 −0.1%
2005 708 +7 +1%
2004 701 −6 −0.84%
2003 707 +3 +0.49%
2002 704 −14 −1.97%
2001 718 +6 +0.9%
2000 711 — —

About the indicator

Carbon dioxide emissions from the power sector per kilowatt-hour of generation. A single number into which the whole structure of generation folds: a coal plant gives about 820 grams per kilowatt-hour, a gas plant roughly 490, and nuclear, wind and solar single digits. The indicator therefore reads as a summary verdict on a power system and is especially useful for comparing countries with different generation mixes: one may have a lot of hydro and another nuclear, yet the result comes out close.

Important: Emissions from generating electricity are counted, without emissions from building the plants and extracting the fuel. Aggregates are weighted by generation and computed from 2000 onward.

Source: Yearly Electricity Data (Ember), license CC BY 4.0.

Other indicators for Australia and New Zealand

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What share of its electricity a country gets from coal, gas and oil together.

Australia and New Zealand by year Electricity Clean electricity share

What share of its electricity a country gets from sources without emissions — renewables and nuclear.

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How many kilograms of CO2 fall on each dollar of output produced.

Australia and New Zealand by year
All indicators for Australia and New Zealand