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Carbon intensity of electricity — all countries

Carbon intensity of electricity — G7

Carbon intensity of electricity in the G7 in 2025 — 342 g/kWh. Since 2000, the indicator has fallen by 31.5%.

2025 342 g/kWh −0.03% vs 2024
World rank —
Period maximum 509 g/kWh2003
Period minimum 342 g/kWh2025

Trend over time

2000–2025 · grams CO₂ per kWh

Carbon intensity of electricity — G7, 2000–20253003504004505005502000200320062009201220152018202120242000: 500 g/kWh2001: 500 g/kWh2002: 498 g/kWh2003: 509 g/kWh2004: 500 g/kWh2005: 502 g/kWh2006: 495 g/kWh2007: 503 g/kWh2008: 496 g/kWh2009: 474 g/kWh2010: 477 g/kWh2011: 472 g/kWh2012: 476 g/kWh2013: 472 g/kWh2014: 464 g/kWh2015: 445 g/kWh2016: 429 g/kWh2017: 417 g/kWh2018: 407 g/kWh2019: 386 g/kWh2020: 366 g/kWh2021: 376 g/kWh2022: 376 g/kWh2023: 353 g/kWh2024: 343 g/kWh2025: 342 g/kWh
Change over the period: −157 (−31.49%) Average annual rate: -1.5 %
Carbon intensity of electricity — G7, by year G7 All countries CSV XLSX
Year g/kWh Change Change, %
2025 342 −0 −0.03%
2024 343 −11 −3.09%
2023 353 −23 −6.01%
2022 376 +0 +0.12%
2021 376 +10 +2.64%
2020 366 −20 −5.22%
2019 386 −21 −5.17%
2018 407 −10 −2.32%
2017 417 −13 −2.92%
2016 429 −15 −3.41%
2015 445 −20 −4.26%
2014 464 −8 −1.68%
2013 472 −4 −0.83%
2012 476 +4 +0.91%
2011 472 −5 −1.02%
2010 477 +3 +0.54%
2009 474 −22 −4.36%
2008 496 −7 −1.33%
2007 503 +8 +1.56%
2006 495 −7 −1.43%
2005 502 +2 +0.37%
2004 500 −9 −1.77%
2003 509 +12 +2.36%
2002 498 −2 −0.44%
2001 500 −0 −0.01%
2000 500 — —

About the indicator

Carbon dioxide emissions from the power sector per kilowatt-hour of generation. A single number into which the whole structure of generation folds: a coal plant gives about 820 grams per kilowatt-hour, a gas plant roughly 490, and nuclear, wind and solar single digits. The indicator therefore reads as a summary verdict on a power system and is especially useful for comparing countries with different generation mixes: one may have a lot of hydro and another nuclear, yet the result comes out close.

Important: Emissions from generating electricity are counted, without emissions from building the plants and extracting the fuel. Aggregates are weighted by generation and computed from 2000 onward.

Source: Yearly Electricity Data (Ember), license CC BY 4.0.

Other indicators for the G7

Emissions Power sector CO2 emissions

How much carbon dioxide the electricity sector of a country emits in a year.

G7 by year Electricity Fossil fuel share of electricity

What share of its electricity a country gets from coal, gas and oil together.

G7 by year Electricity Clean electricity share

What share of its electricity a country gets from sources without emissions — renewables and nuclear.

G7 by year Emissions Carbon intensity of the economy

How many kilograms of CO2 fall on each dollar of output produced.

G7 by year
All indicators for the G7