Researchers per million people in NATO in 2023 — 4,384 per 1M. Since 1996, the indicator has risen by 88.2%.
1996–2023 · per million people
| Year | per 1M | Change | Change, % |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 4,384 | −175 | −3.84% |
| 2022 | 4,560 | +149 | +3.38% |
| 2021 | 4,410 | +238 | +5.7% |
| 2020 | 4,173 | +145 | +3.59% |
| 2019 | 4,028 | +104 | +2.64% |
| 2018 | 3,924 | +167 | +4.44% |
| 2017 | 3,758 | +156 | +4.32% |
| 2016 | 3,602 | +35 | +0.97% |
| 2015 | 3,567 | +83 | +2.39% |
| 2014 | 3,484 | +63 | +1.85% |
| 2013 | 3,421 | +88 | +2.63% |
| 2012 | 3,333 | +50 | +1.51% |
| 2011 | 3,283 | +56 | +1.73% |
| 2010 | 3,227 | −23 | −0.71% |
| 2009 | 3,250 | +78 | +2.45% |
| 2008 | 3,173 | +116 | +3.8% |
| 2007 | 3,057 | +38 | +1.25% |
| 2006 | 3,019 | +68 | +2.32% |
| 2005 | 2,950 | +38 | +1.29% |
| 2004 | 2,913 | +59 | +2.07% |
| 2003 | 2,854 | +148 | +5.47% |
| 2002 | 2,706 | +44 | +1.64% |
| 2001 | 2,662 | +87 | +3.39% |
| 2000 | 2,575 | +37 | +1.46% |
| 1999 | 2,537 | +98 | +4.01% |
| 1998 | 2,440 | +63 | +2.65% |
| 1997 | 2,377 | +47 | +2% |
| 1996 | 2,330 | — | — |
The number of researchers (professionals engaged in creating new knowledge, products and methods) per million people, in full-time equivalent. Doctoral students who conduct research are included. Conversion to full-time equivalent makes it possible to compare countries in which the share of part-time work in research differs.
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), license CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO.
Gross domestic expenditure on research and development as a percentage of GDP.
Education Scientific and technical journal articlesThe number of articles in scientific and technical journals per year.
Education Patent applications by residentsHow many patent applications residents of a country file per year.
Education Tertiary education enrollmentHow many university students there are relative to the population of the corresponding age.