R&D expenditure (% of GDP) in Australia in 2021 — 1.86%. Ranked 22 in the world out of 88. Since 1996, the indicator has risen by 0.2 pp.
1996–2021 · % of GDP
How the value compares with the world and the groups this territory belongs to: Australia
| Year | % | Change, pp |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 1.86 | — |
| 2019 | 1.83 | — |
| 2017 | 1.88 | — |
| 2015 | 1.92 | — |
| 2013 | 2.18 | — |
| 2011 | 2.23 | −0.14 pp |
| 2010 | 2.37 | — |
| 2008 | 2.4 | — |
| 2006 | 2.18 | — |
| 2004 | 1.85 | — |
| 2002 | 1.75 | — |
| 2000 | 1.57 | — |
| 1998 | 1.51 | — |
| 1996 | 1.66 | — |
The same indicator for neighboring countries — with links to their pages
Australia
1.86
New Zealand
1.49
Gross domestic expenditure on research and development (R&D) as a percentage of GDP — all current and capital spending by business, government, universities and nonprofit organizations on basic and applied research. The threshold of 3% of GDP is the target adopted in the EU; the leaders (Israel, South Korea) exceed 4.5%.
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), license CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO.
The number of researchers per million residents — in full-time equivalent.
Education Patent applications by residentsHow many patent applications residents of a country file per year.
Education Scientific and technical journal articlesThe number of articles in scientific and technical journals per year.
Trade High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports)What part of manufactured exports consists of high-technology products.