Government debt — all countries

Government debt — High-income countries

Government debt in high-income countries in 2031 — 108.6%. Since 1999, the indicator has risen by 33.9 pp.

2031 108.6% +1.3 pp vs 2030
World rank
Period maximum 112.9%2020
Period minimum 65%2007

Trend over time

1999–2031 · % of GDP

Government debt — High-income countries, 1999–203160801001201999200320072011201520192023202720311999: 74.8%2000: 74.3%2001: 66.4%2002: 67.5%2003: 69.2%2004: 71.9%2005: 70.7%2006: 67.6%2007: 65%2008: 69.8%2009: 83.1%2010: 87.9%2011: 90.5%2012: 93.8%2013: 92.9%2014: 93.1%2015: 94.4%2016: 96.7%2017: 94.4%2018: 93.8%2019: 94.7%2020: 112.9%2021: 106.3%2022: 100.4%2023: 100.3%2024: 100.9%2025: 101.3%2026: 101.6%2027: 103.2%2028: 104.6%2029: 106%2030: 107.4%2031: 108.6%
Change over the period: +33.9 pp Annual average: 1.06 pp

Comparison, 2031

How the value compares with the world and the groups this territory belongs to: High-income countries

High-income countries 108.6%
World computed 102.5%
Government debt — High-income countries, by year High-income countries All countries CSV XLSX
Year % Change, pp
2031 108.6 +1.3 pp
2030 107.4 +1.3 pp
2029 106 +1.4 pp
2028 104.6 +1.5 pp
2027 103.2 +1.5 pp
2026 101.6 +0.4 pp
2025 101.3 +0.4 pp
2024 100.9 +0.6 pp
2023 100.3 −0.1 pp
2022 100.4 −6 pp
2021 106.3 −6.6 pp
2020 112.9 +18.2 pp
2019 94.7 +1 pp
2018 93.8 −0.6 pp
2017 94.4 −2.3 pp
2016 96.7 +2.3 pp
2015 94.4 +1.3 pp
2014 93.1 +0.2 pp
2013 92.9 −0.9 pp
2012 93.8 +3.3 pp
2011 90.5 +2.5 pp
2010 87.9 +4.8 pp
2009 83.1 +13.3 pp
2008 69.8 +4.8 pp
2007 65 −2.6 pp
2006 67.6 −3.1 pp
2005 70.7 −1.2 pp
2004 71.9 +2.6 pp
2003 69.2 +1.8 pp
2002 67.5 +1 pp
2001 66.4 −7.9 pp
2000 74.3 −0.5 pp
1999 74.8

About the indicator

Gross general government debt as a percent of GDP from the IMF World Economic Outlook database: all liabilities that require future payments of interest and/or principal. It covers the central government, regional and local budgets and extrabudgetary funds where the data allow. The threshold of 60% of GDP is used in the EU Maastricht criteria as a benchmark of sustainability.

Important: The coverage of the government sector differs between countries; when levels are compared, it matters whether regional budgets are included.

Source: World Economic Outlook (IMF), license IMF open data.