International reserves in upper-middle-income countries in 2025 — 5,875,287,842,181 US$. Since 1977, the indicator has risen by 11,832.8%.
1977–2025 · US$
| Year | US$ | Change | Change, % |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 5.88T | +404B | +7.38% |
| 2024 | 5.47T | +63.59B | +1.18% |
| 2023 | 5.41T | +248B | +4.81% |
| 2022 | 5.16T | −122B | −2.32% |
| 2021 | 5.28T | +141B | +2.73% |
| 2020 | 5.14T | +188B | +3.8% |
| 2019 | 4.95T | +77.67B | +1.59% |
| 2018 | 4.88T | −70.88B | −1.43% |
| 2017 | 4.95T | +237B | +5.03% |
| 2016 | 4.71T | −301B | −6.02% |
| 2015 | 5.01T | −652B | −11.51% |
| 2014 | 5.66T | −33.3B | −0.58% |
| 2013 | 5.7T | +475B | +9.1% |
| 2012 | 5.22T | +277B | +5.6% |
| 2011 | 4.94T | +536B | +12.16% |
| 2010 | 4.41T | +665B | +17.75% |
| 2009 | 3.74T | +616B | +19.69% |
| 2008 | 3.13T | +521B | +20.01% |
| 2007 | 2.61T | +765B | +41.58% |
| 2006 | 1.84T | +430B | +30.44% |
| 2005 | 1.41T | +291B | +25.99% |
| 2004 | 1.12T | +294B | +35.66% |
| 2003 | 826B | +190B | +29.93% |
| 2002 | 636B | +112B | +21.49% |
| 2001 | 523B | +59.56B | +12.85% |
| 2000 | 464B | +19.05B | +4.29% |
| 1999 | 445B | +19.54B | +4.6% |
| 1998 | 425B | +17.16B | +4.21% |
| 1997 | 408B | +31.13B | +8.26% |
| 1996 | 377B | +64B | +20.47% |
| 1995 | 313B | +62.47B | +24.97% |
| 1994 | 250B | +31B | +14.14% |
| 1993 | 219B | +38.91B | +21.58% |
| 1992 | 180B | +9.29B | +5.43% |
| 1991 | 171B | +35.18B | +25.9% |
| 1990 | 136B | +31.13B | +29.73% |
| 1989 | 105B | +7.05B | +7.22% |
| 1988 | 97.66B | −7.15B | −6.82% |
| 1987 | 105B | +19.62B | +23.03% |
| 1986 | 85.19B | +99.48M | +0.12% |
| 1985 | 85.09B | +1.33B | +1.59% |
| 1984 | 83.76B | +6.94B | +9.03% |
| 1983 | 76.82B | −810M | −1.04% |
| 1982 | 77.63B | −5.3B | −6.39% |
| 1981 | 82.93B | −19.36B | −18.93% |
| 1980 | 102B | +15.46B | +17.81% |
| 1979 | 86.82B | +26.68B | +44.36% |
| 1978 | 60.15B | +10.91B | +22.16% |
| 1977 | 49.24B | — | — |
Total international reserves, including monetary gold, special drawing rights, the reserve position in the IMF and foreign currency assets under the control of the central bank. Reserves are a buffer for servicing external obligations and supporting the exchange rate; their adequacy is assessed in months of imports.
Source: World Economic Outlook (IMF), license IMF open data.
How many months of imports a country can pay for out of its reserves.
Public Finance External debtHow much a country as a whole owes abroad — government, banks and companies together.
Finance Current account balance in US dollarsHow much more a country receives from abroad than it pays out there. A minus means it pays more.