R&D expenditure (% of GDP) — all countries

R&D expenditure (% of GDP) — Eastern Asia

R&D expenditure (% of GDP) in Eastern Asia in 2023 — 2.88%. Since 1998, the indicator has risen by 0.57 pp.

2023 2.88% +0.08 pp vs 2022
World rank
Period maximum 2.88%2023
Period minimum 2.31%1998

Trend over time

1998–2023 · % of GDP

R&D expenditure (% of GDP) — Eastern Asia, 1998–20232.22.42.62.831998200120042007201020132016201920221998: 2.31%1999: 2.35%2000: 2.39%2001: 2.38%2002: 2.38%2003: 2.41%2004: 2.42%2005: 2.48%2006: 2.49%2007: 2.44%2008: 2.41%2009: 2.44%2010: 2.41%2011: 2.46%2012: 2.49%2013: 2.5%2014: 2.52%2015: 2.46%2016: 2.47%2017: 2.5%2018: 2.53%2019: 2.59%2020: 2.71%2021: 2.71%2022: 2.8%2023: 2.88%
Change over the period: +0.57 pp Annual average: 0.02 pp

Comparison, 2023

How the value compares with the world and the groups this territory belongs to: Eastern Asia

Eastern Asia 2.88%
World 2.6%
R&D expenditure (% of GDP) — Eastern Asia, by year Eastern Asia All countries CSV XLSX
Year % Change, pp
2023 2.88 +0.08 pp
2022 2.8 +0.1 pp
2021 2.71 −0.01 pp
2020 2.71 +0.12 pp
2019 2.59 +0.06 pp
2018 2.53 +0.02 pp
2017 2.5 +0.03 pp
2016 2.47 +0.01 pp
2015 2.46 −0.06 pp
2014 2.52 +0.01 pp
2013 2.5 +0.01 pp
2012 2.49 +0.03 pp
2011 2.46 +0.05 pp
2010 2.41 −0.03 pp
2009 2.44 +0.03 pp
2008 2.41 −0.03 pp
2007 2.44 −0.05 pp
2006 2.49 +0.01 pp
2005 2.48 +0.07 pp
2004 2.42 +0.01 pp
2003 2.41 +0.03 pp
2002 2.38 −0 pp
2001 2.38 −0.01 pp
2000 2.39 +0.03 pp
1999 2.35 +0.05 pp
1998 2.31

About the indicator

Gross domestic expenditure on research and development (R&D) as a percentage of GDP — all current and capital spending by business, government, universities and nonprofit organizations on basic and applied research. The threshold of 3% of GDP is the target adopted in the EU; the leaders (Israel, South Korea) exceed 4.5%.

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), license CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO.