R&D expenditure (% of GDP) — all countries

R&D expenditure (% of GDP) — Mercosur

R&D expenditure (% of GDP) in Mercosur in 2023 — 1.04%. Since 1996, the indicator has risen by 0.63 pp.

2023 1.04% +0.03 pp vs 2022
World rank
Period maximum 1.12%2014
Period minimum 0.39%1998

Trend over time

1996–2023 · % of GDP

R&D expenditure (% of GDP) — Mercosur, 1996–202300.511.519961999200220052008201120142017202020231996: 0.4%1997: 0.41%1998: 0.39%1999: 0.43%2000: 0.84%2001: 0.84%2002: 0.88%2003: 0.88%2004: 0.84%2005: 0.88%2006: 0.89%2007: 0.97%2008: 0.99%2009: 1.01%2010: 1.05%2011: 1.02%2012: 1.01%2013: 1.06%2014: 1.12%2015: 1.09%2016: 1.02%2017: 0.95%2018: 0.98%2019: 0.98%2020: 1.05%2021: 0.95%2022: 1.01%2023: 1.04%
Change over the period: +0.63 pp Annual average: 0.02 pp

Comparison, 2023

How the value compares with the world and the groups this territory belongs to: Mercosur

Mercosur 1.04%
World 2.6%
R&D expenditure (% of GDP) — Mercosur, by year Mercosur All countries CSV XLSX
Year % Change, pp
2023 1.04 +0.03 pp
2022 1.01 +0.06 pp
2021 0.95 −0.1 pp
2020 1.05 +0.07 pp
2019 0.98 −0 pp
2018 0.98 +0.04 pp
2017 0.95 −0.07 pp
2016 1.02 −0.07 pp
2015 1.09 −0.03 pp
2014 1.12 +0.06 pp
2013 1.06 +0.05 pp
2012 1.01 −0.01 pp
2011 1.02 −0.03 pp
2010 1.05 +0.04 pp
2009 1.01 +0.02 pp
2008 0.99 +0.02 pp
2007 0.97 +0.08 pp
2006 0.89 +0.01 pp
2005 0.88 +0.04 pp
2004 0.84 −0.04 pp
2003 0.88 +0 pp
2002 0.88 +0.04 pp
2001 0.84 −0 pp
2000 0.84 +0.41 pp
1999 0.43 +0.04 pp
1998 0.39 −0.02 pp
1997 0.41 +0.01 pp
1996 0.4

About the indicator

Gross domestic expenditure on research and development (R&D) as a percentage of GDP — all current and capital spending by business, government, universities and nonprofit organizations on basic and applied research. The threshold of 3% of GDP is the target adopted in the EU; the leaders (Israel, South Korea) exceed 4.5%.

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), license CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO.