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Gross capital formation (% of GDP) — all countries

Gross capital formation (% of GDP) — OECD

Gross capital formation (% of GDP) in the OECD in 2025 — 22.9%. Since 1970, the indicator has fallen by 3.9 pp.

2025 22.9% +0.4 pp vs 2024
World rank —
Period maximum 28.2%1974
Period minimum 20.3%2009

Trend over time

1970–2025 · % of GDP

Gross capital formation (% of GDP) — OECD, 1970–202520222426283019701976198219881994200020062012201820241970: 26.8%1971: 26.4%1972: 26.7%1973: 28.2%1974: 28.2%1975: 25.1%1976: 26%1977: 26.2%1978: 26.5%1979: 27.2%1980: 26.6%1981: 25.9%1982: 24.4%1983: 23.9%1984: 25.2%1985: 25%1986: 25%1987: 25.2%1988: 26.3%1989: 26.7%1990: 26.3%1991: 25.4%1992: 24.6%1993: 24.1%1994: 24.4%1995: 24.5%1996: 24.5%1997: 24.3%1998: 24.1%1999: 24.1%2000: 24.6%2001: 23.4%2002: 22.6%2003: 22.5%2004: 23%2005: 23.5%2006: 24%2007: 23.9%2008: 23.4%2009: 20.3%2010: 21.1%2011: 21.8%2012: 21.7%2013: 21.7%2014: 22%2015: 22.3%2016: 22.1%2017: 22.5%2018: 22.8%2019: 23%2020: 22.7%2021: 23.1%2022: 23.7%2023: 22.9%2024: 22.5%2025: 22.9%
Change over the period: −3.9 pp Annual average: -0.07 pp
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) — OECD, by year OECD All countries CSV XLSX
Year % Change, pp
2025 22.9 +0.4 pp
2024 22.5 −0.4 pp
2023 22.9 −0.8 pp
2022 23.7 +0.6 pp
2021 23.1 +0.4 pp
2020 22.7 −0.2 pp
2019 23 +0.1 pp
2018 22.8 +0.3 pp
2017 22.5 +0.4 pp
2016 22.1 −0.2 pp
2015 22.3 +0.3 pp
2014 22 +0.3 pp
2013 21.7 −0 pp
2012 21.7 −0.1 pp
2011 21.8 +0.7 pp
2010 21.1 +0.8 pp
2009 20.3 −3.1 pp
2008 23.4 −0.6 pp
2007 23.9 −0 pp
2006 24 +0.5 pp
2005 23.5 +0.5 pp
2004 23 +0.4 pp
2003 22.5 −0.1 pp
2002 22.6 −0.8 pp
2001 23.4 −1.2 pp
2000 24.6 +0.5 pp
1999 24.1 +0 pp
1998 24.1 −0.3 pp
1997 24.3 −0.1 pp
1996 24.5 −0.1 pp
1995 24.5 +0.1 pp
1994 24.4 +0.3 pp
1993 24.1 −0.5 pp
1992 24.6 −0.9 pp
1991 25.4 −0.9 pp
1990 26.3 −0.4 pp
1989 26.7 +0.4 pp
1988 26.3 +1 pp
1987 25.2 +0.2 pp
1986 25 +0 pp
1985 25 −0.2 pp
1984 25.2 +1.3 pp
1983 23.9 −0.5 pp
1982 24.4 −1.5 pp
1981 25.9 −0.7 pp
1980 26.6 −0.7 pp
1979 27.2 +0.7 pp
1978 26.5 +0.4 pp
1977 26.2 +0.2 pp
1976 26 +0.9 pp
1975 25.1 −3.1 pp
1974 28.2 +0 pp
1973 28.2 +1.4 pp
1972 26.7 +0.3 pp
1971 26.4 −0.4 pp
1970 26.8 —

About the indicator

Gross capital formation as a percent of GDP: outlays on fixed assets (buildings, structures, machinery, transport equipment, infrastructure), changes in inventories of material working assets and net acquisition of valuables. A steadily high rate of capital formation is a necessary condition for fast growth: during the economic surges of East Asia the indicator exceeded 35–40% of GDP.

Source: World Development Indicators (World Bank), license CC BY 4.0.

Other indicators for the OECD

Economy Gross capital formation in US dollars

How much a country puts in each year into buildings, equipment, infrastructure and inventories.

OECD by year Economy Gross national savings

What part of its income a country saves rather than consumes.

OECD by year Business FDI inflows (% of GDP)

Inflows of direct investment relative to the size of the economy.

OECD by year Economy GDP growth

The annual growth rate of GDP in constant prices — with inflation stripped out.

OECD by year
All indicators for the OECD