Government revenue in upper-middle-income countries in 2021 — 16.92%. Since 2008, the indicator has fallen by 0.12 pp.
2008–2021 · % of GDP
How the value compares with the world and the groups this territory belongs to: Upper-middle-income countries
| Year | % | Change, pp |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 16.92 | +0.71 pp |
| 2020 | 16.21 | −2.28 pp |
| 2019 | 18.49 | −0.29 pp |
| 2018 | 18.78 | +0.3 pp |
| 2017 | 18.48 | −0.1 pp |
| 2016 | 18.58 | −0.33 pp |
| 2015 | 18.91 | −0.29 pp |
| 2014 | 19.2 | +2.37 pp |
| 2013 | 16.83 | −0.4 pp |
| 2012 | 17.23 | −0.32 pp |
| 2011 | 17.56 | −0.09 pp |
| 2010 | 17.65 | +1.68 pp |
| 2009 | 15.97 | −1.08 pp |
| 2008 | 17.05 | — |
Central government revenue excluding grants, as a percent of GDP. Beyond taxes it includes non-tax receipts: dividends of state-owned companies, revenue from the sale of extraction rights, duties and fees. That is why the difference between this indicator and tax revenue says something about the structure of a state: in commodity countries it is large, because a substantial part of the budget comes not from taxes but from rent.
Important: Grants are excluded deliberately: in the poorest countries foreign aid can make up a substantial part of the budget, and with it included the indicator would no longer measure the ability of a state to raise revenue.
Source: World Development Indicators (World Bank), license CC BY 4.0.
How much the state spends in a year — including wages, pensions, benefits and interest on debt.
Public Finance Budget balanceThe budget deficit or surplus as a percent of GDP. A negative value means spending exceeds revenue.
Public Finance Tax revenue (% of GDP)Taxes collected as a percent of GDP — the fiscal capacity of the state.
Public Finance Government debtGross general government debt as a percent of GDP.